• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    ABSTRACT A valve drive of an internal combustion engine comprises a cam-shaft (3) with a base shaft (4), a lobe pack (6) mounted on thebase shaft and comprising three cam lobes (7-9). Two actuatorbodies (11, 12) are associated with two actuator pins (13, 14) eachconnected to a valve (15, 16) of a cylinder of the engine. The lobepack is axially displaceable along the base shaft so as to for eachactuator body change cam lobe aligned therewith. A middle camlobe (8) has a shape leaving an actuator body aligned therewithuninfluenced thereby. ln a first position of the lobe pack a first (11)of the actuator bodies is aligned with and hit and moved by a firstcam lobe (7) and the other, second actuator body (12) is alignedwith the middle cam lobe, and in a second position the secondactuator body (12) is aligned with and hit and moved by a thirdcam lobe (9) and the first actuator body (11) is aligned with the middle cam lobe (8). (Fig 1).
    公开号:SE1650568A1
    申请号:SE1650568
    申请日:2016-04-28
    公开日:2017-10-29
    发明作者:Göransson Hans
    申请人:Scania Cv Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    A VALVE DRIVE TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a valve drive of an internal com- bustion engine comprising a camshaft with a base shaft configured to rotate about a longitudinal axis, a lobe pack mounted on the base shaft and comprising at least two differently shaped cam lobes, ø two actuator bodies associated with two actuator pins, in whicheach pin is connected to a valve of a cylinder of the engine andeach actuator body is configured to be moved when hit by a saidcam lobe aligned therewith and by that lift at least one said valvebetween a closed and open positions, and o an arrangement controllable to displace the lobe pack axially along the base shaft so as to for each actuator body change cam lobe aligned therewith.
    Such valve drives are primarily of interest for internal combustionengines in motor vehicles, although the invention is not restrictedto that use of such an engine. When arranged in a motor vehiclesuch a valve drive and accordingly the present invention is partic-ularly applicable to heavy wheeled motor vehicles, such as trucksor lorries and buses, and the invention will for that sake hereinafterprimarily be discussed for that field of use for illuminating the in- vention but accordingly not in any way restrict it thereto.
    The fuel used in such an engine may be of any conceivable type and diesel and ethanol may be mentioned as examples.
    There may be different reasons for providing for a possibility todisplace the lobe pack of such a valve drive for changing the con-trol of valves, exhaust valves or in|et valves, of the engine. Suchreasons may be to minimize emissions, increase efficiency, speed control of a vehicle, braking the vehicle etc.
    BACKGROUND ART A valve drive of the type defined in the introduction is knownthrough for example US 2010/0251982 A1. ln spite of the fact thatthat valve drive may function well it would be beneficial to simplifyand improve the construction of such a valve drive not at least with respect to reliability.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a valve drive ofthe type defined in the introduction being improved in at least some aspect with respect to such valve drives already known.
    This object is according to the invention obtained by providingsuch a valve drive with the features listed in the characterizing part of appended patent claim 1.
    By such a construction of the valve drive a type of valve actuationwith a lobe pack in said first position may be changed to anothertype of valve actuation by displacing the lobe pack to said secondposition, and when changing the type selected the other type mayin the same instant be deactivated by aligning the actuator body for that type with said middle cam lobe. Furthermore, by having the middle cam lobe in common to both actuator bodies the con-struction of the valve drive will be simpler, less costly to manufac-ture and requiring less space than would one separate “zero cam lobe” be arranged for each actuator body.
    According to an embodiment of the invention said first actuatorbody and first cam lobe are configured to co-operate to lift at leastone valve to an open position located at a different distance to theclosed position of that valve than the distance to the closed posi-tion of the open position to which the second actuator body andthe third cam lobe are configured to lift a valve. This means thatthe operation of the cylinder provided with the valve drive may becontrolled to change by moving the lobe pack between the first andsecond positions, since the height to which at least one valve islifted will by that be changed. However, it is of course also possibleto have the cam lobes so arranged that then also the position inthe operation cycle of the cylinder for the lifting of the valve will be changed by changing actuator body to be acted upon.
    According to another embodiment of the invention the first andthird cam lobes are differently shaped and their surface to bearupon the respective actuator body have a different maximum dis-tance to said longitudinal axis. A modified behavior and operationof the valve drive and by that the cylinder of the engine associatedtherewith by changing which one of these cam lobes to be active,i.e. to have an actuator body aligned therewith, will be possible to obtain by such differently shaping of the cam lobes.
    According to another embodiment of the invention said first actu- ator body is associated with both actuator pins so as to lift both valves when aligned with said first cam lobe. Thus, the operationof the valve drive may be changed by having both valves lifted insaid first position of the lobe pack, while only one valve is lifted insaid second position of the lobe pack by having the second actu-ator body associated with one actuator pin so as to lift only onevalve when aligned with said third cam lobe in accordance withanother embodiment of the invention. Already the fact that onevalve is lifted instead of both will result in a different operation ofthe cylinder of the engine, but there may also be a difference towhich height the valves are lifted and where in the operation cycle of the cylinder the valves are lifted.
    According to another embodiment of the invention the actuatorbodies are configured to lift exhaust valves of a cylinder of theinternal combustion engine. lt is in such a case advantageous, asdefined in another embodiment of the invention, that the secondactuator body is in the second position of the lobe pack configuredto be hit and moved by said third cam lobe close to the upper deadpoint of a piston of the cylinder in the compression stroke of thatcylinder so as to act as a Compression Release Brake. This con-stitutes an advantageous way of realizing such a CRB, which nor-mally is realized by an hydraulic system activating an actuatorbody in the form of a rocker lever by filling a cylinder with oil. How-ever, it would be beneficial to at the same time deactivate the nor-mal lift of the exhaust valves for obtaining best possible efficiencyof the compression release brake, and this is here obtained byhaving the first actuator body aligned with the middle cam lobe when activating the CRB.
    According to another embodiment of the invention the second ac-tuator body is in the second position of the lobe pack configuredto be hit and moved by said third cam lobe close to the upper deadpoint of a piston of the cylinder also in the exhaust stroke of thatcylinder so as to act as a compression release brake. Thanks tothe fact that the normal lift of the valves during normal combustionof the engine is deactivated by the alignment of the first actuatorbody with the middle lobe it will be possible to in this way get brakecompressions each time the piston come to the upper dead point,so that the brake will be a two stroke brake in spite of the fact that the operation cycle of the engine has four strokes.
    According to another embodiment of the invention constituting afurther development of the embodiment last mentioned said dis-tance between the closed and open position is shorter for the sec-ond actuator body associated with the compression release brake than for the first actuator body.
    According to another embodiment of the invention the arrangementis configured to displace the lobe pack to assume said first positionso as to obtain lifting of both valves by said first actuator bodyduring normal combustion of the engine. Thus, a preferred opera-tion of the engine for propulsion of a vehicle may be obtained in the first position by controlling both valves.
    According to another embodiment of the invention said arrange-ment is configured to displace the lobe pack to assume said sec-ond position so as to only have a second valve lifted by the third cam lobe acting on said second actuator body so as to obtain brak- ing of the engine by a compression release brake. lt is advanta-geous to activate only one valve when braking by the compressionrelease brake, since this will result in lower loads in the drive train compared to activating two valves.
    According to another embodiment of the invention the actuatorbodies are configured to lift inlet valves of a cylinder of the internalcombustion engine. A valve drive according to the invention maythen for instance be used for being able to change the flow of gases in the cylinder at certain types of operation of the engine.
    According to another embodiment of the invention the middle camlobe has a width as seen in the axial direction of the camshaftallowing both actuator bodies to be simultaneously aligned there-with, and said arrangement is controllable to displace the lobepack along the base shaft to a third middle position between saidfirst and second positions in which both actuator bodies arealigned with said middle cam lobe leaving them and by that bothvalves uninfluenced thereby by rotation of the camshaft. This fea-ture makes it possible to completely switch off a cylinder of the engine when desired for any reason.
    The invention also relates to an internal combustion engine and a motor vehicle according to the appended claims directed thereto.
    Other advantageous features as well as advantages of the present invention appear from the description following below.
    BREIF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING With reference to the appended drawing, below follows a specific description of an embodiment of the invention cited as an example.ln the drawing:Figs 1 and 2 are schematic views illustrating parts of an inter- nal combustion engine provided with a valve drive according to an embodiment of the invention.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT OF THEINVENTION The construction and function of a valve drive according to an em-bodiment of the invention of an internal combustion engine 1 in amotor vehicle 2 will now be disclosed while referring to Figs 1 and2. The engine has a camshaft 3 with a base shaft 4 configured torotate about a longitudinal axis 5. A lobe pack 6 provided withthree consecutive lobes 7-9 is mounted on the base shaft 4, andan arrangement 10 controllable to displace the lobe pack axiallyalong the base shaft is indicated by a box 10 in Fig 1 and may beof any conceivable type and controllable by the driver of the vehi-cle or by an electronic control unit of the vehicle based upon the value of certain parameters sensed.
    The valve drive further comprises two actuator bodies 11, 12 in the form of valve rocker levers associated with two actuator pins 13, 14 each connected to a valve 15, 16, which are here assumed to be exhaust valves of a cylinder 17 of the engine 1.
    The actuator body 11 is acting upon a valve bridge 18 pressing onboth valve pins 13, 14, whereas the second actuator body 12 actsdirectly on the valve pin 14 through a through-hole 19 in the bridge18. This is possible since the valve pin 14 is at the valve remoteend divided in two parts.
    The lobe pack 6 is transferrable through said arrangement be-tween two positions, namely a first position in which the first actu-ator body 11 is aligned with and hit and moved by a first 7 of thecam lobes by rotation of the camshaft (see Fig 2), and a secondposition, in which the second actuator body 12 is aligned with andhit and moved by a third cam lobe 9 by rotation of the camshaft.The second, middle cam lobe 8 has a shape leaving an actuatorbody aligned therewith uninfluenced thereby by rotation of thecamshaft, and this middle cam lobe is in common to both actuatorbodies, so that the second actuator body 12 will be aligned there-with in said first position shown in Fig 2 and the first actuator body 11 will be aligned therewith in the second position shown in Fig 1.
    The function of the valve drive will be as follows. During normaldrive of the internal combustion engine and by that of the motorvehicle for propulsion thereof the lobe pack 6 is kept in the firstposition shown in Fig 2, which means that the first actuator bodyis aligned with the first cam lobe 7 for “lifting” both exhaust valves15, 16 for letting exhaust gases out of the cylinder resulting in a most efficient propulsion of the vehicle. “Lifting” is as seen in the figures in fact a pressing or pushing of the valves 15, 16 down into the cylinder so as to allow exhaust gases to pass the valves. ln the case using the compression release brake of the valve drivethe arrangement 10 is controlled to displace the lobe pack 6 to theposition shown in Fig 1, i.e. said second position, in which thesecond actuator body 12 is aligned with the third cam lobe 9 andthe first actuator body 11 is aligned with the middle cam lobe 8.This means that only the valve 16 will be influenced by rotation ofthe camshaft, and the cam lobe 9 will preferably be designed toco-operate with the actuator body 12 so that the valve 16 will bepressed down into the cylinder close to the upper dead point of apiston of the cylinder in the compression stroke of that cylinder, sothat air compressed in the cylinder is released and no energy isreturned to the crank shaft of the engine. Energy is instead ab-sorbed and the torque to rotate the crank shaft will increase andthe engine brake. lt is also possible to design the second actuatorbody 12 and the third cam lobe 9 to co-operate so as to bring theexhaust valve 16 to open earlier, so that it may be open during theexpansion stroke and by that let an over pressure from the exhaustside into the cylinder, so that this earlier opening of the exhaustvalve will then result in an earlier closing of the valve during theexhaust stroke, which results in an additional compression strokein the operation cycle of the piston and the braking of the engine increases.
    The second position shown in Fig 1 may except for braking thevehicle be chosen for obtaining hotter exhaust gases for increas-ing the temperature and efficiency of a cold catalytic converter of the vehicle or assisting a vehicle cruise control to keep a constant speed of the vehicle when driving an undulating downhill road path.
    The invention is of course in no way restricted to the embodimentdescribed above, since many possibilities to modifications thereofare likely to be obvious to one skilled in the art without having todeviate from the scope of invention defined in the appended claims. lt is possible to control only one, some or all cylinders of an engine by a valve drive according to the invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (1)
    [1] 1. 1 Claims A valve drive of an internal combustion engine (1) comprising a camshaft (3) with ø a base shaft (4) configured to rotate about a longitudinalaxis (5), o a lobe pack (6) mounted on the base shaft and comprisingat least two differently shaped cam lobes, o two actuator bodies (11, 12) associated with two actuatorpins (13, 14), in which each pin is connected to a valve (15,16) of a cylinder (17) of the engine and each actuator bodyis configured to be moved when hit by a said cam lobealigned therewith and by that lift at least one said valve be-tween a closed and open positions, and o an arrangement (10) controllable to displace the lobe pack(6) axially along the base shaft (4) so as to for each actuatorbody change cam lobe aligned therewith, characterized in that the lobe pack comprises three cam lobes (7-9) of which a second, middle (8) has a shape leaving an actuator body aligned therewith uninfluenced thereby byrotation of the camshaft, and that this middle cam lobe (8) isin common to both actuator bodies (11, 12) and the arrange-ment (10) is configured to displace the lobe pack (6) between a first position, in which a first (11) of said actuator bodies is aligned with and hit and moved by a first said cam lobe (7) by rotation of the camshaft and the other, second actuator body (12) is aligned with said middle cam lobe (8), and a second position, in which the second actuator body (12) is aligned with and hit and moved by a third said cam lobe (9) by rotation 12 of the camshaft (3) and the first actuator body (11) is alignedwith the middle cam lobe (8). A valve drive according to claim 1, characterized in that saidfirst actuator body (11) and first cam lobe (7) are configuredto co-operate to lift at least one valve (15, 16) to an open po-sition located at a different distance to the closed position ofthat valve than the distance to the closed position of the openposition to which the second actuator body (12) and the third cam lobe (9) are configured to lift a valve. A valve drive according to claim 2, characterized in that thefirst (7) and third (9) cam lobes are differently shaped andtheir surface to bear upon the respective actuator body have a different maximum distance to said longitudinal axis. A valve drive according to any of the preceding claims, char-acterized in that said first actuator body (11) is associatedwith both actuator pins (13, 14) so as to lift both valves (15, 16) when aligned with said first cam lobe (7). A valve drive according to claim 4, characterized in that saidsecond actuator body (12) is associated with one actuator pin(14) so as to lift only one valve (16) when aligned with saidthird cam lobe (9). A valve drive according to any of the preceding claims, char-acterized in that said actuator bodies (11, 12) are configuredto lift exhaust valves (15, 16) of a cylinder (17) of the internal combustion engine. 10. 11. 13 A valve drive according to claim 6, characterized in that thesecond actuator body (12) is in the second position of the lobepack configured to be hit and moved by said third cam lobe(9) close to the upper dead point of a piston of the cylinder inthe compression stroke of that cylinder so as to act as a Com- pression Release Brake. A valve drive according to claims 5 and 7, characterized inthat the second actuator body (12) is in the second position ofthe lobe pack configured to be hit and moved by said third camlobe (9) close to the upper dead point of a piston of the cylin-der also in the exhaust stroke of that cylinder so as to act as a Compression Release Brake. A valve drive according to claims 2 and 7 or 8, characterizedin that said distance between the closed and open position isshorter for the second actuator body (12) associated with the compression release brake than for the first actuator body (11). A valve drive according to claims 4 and 7, characterized inthat the arrangement (10) is configured to displace the lobepack (6) to assume said first position so as to obtain lifting ofboth valves (15, 16) by said first actuator body (11) during normal combustion of the engine. A valve drive according to claims 5 and 7 or 8, characterizedin that said arrangement (10) is configured to displace the lobe pack (6) to assume said second position so as to only 5 12. 13. 14. 15. 14 have a second valve (16) lifted by the third cam lobe (9) actingon said second actuator body (12) so as to obtain braking of the engine by a compression release brake. A valve drive according to any of claims 1-5, characterized inthat said actuator bodies (11, 12) are configured to lift in|et va|ves of a cylinder of the internal combustion engine. A valve drive according to any of the preceding claims, iacterized in that the middle cam lobe (8) has a width as seenin the axial direction of the camshaft (3) allowing both actuatorbodies (11, 12) to be simultaneously aligned therewith, andthat said arrangement (10) is controllable to displace the lobepack along the base shaft to a third middle position betweensaid first and second positions in which both actuator bodiesare aligned with said middle cam lobe leaving them and bythat both va|ves uninfluenced thereby by rotation of the cam-shafi. An internal combustion engine, characterized in that it com-prises at least one cylinder (17) with a valve drive accordingto any of claims 1-13. A motor vehicle, such as a wheeled motor vehicle and in par-ticular a heavy wheeled motor vehicle, such as a bus or atruck, characterized in that it has an internal combustion en-gine (1) provided with a valve drive according to any of claims1-13.
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1650568A|SE539832C2|2016-04-28|2016-04-28|A valve drive for an internal combustion engine with variable control of valves|SE1650568A| SE539832C2|2016-04-28|2016-04-28|A valve drive for an internal combustion engine with variable control of valves|
    KR1020187033475A| KR102131401B1|2016-04-28|2017-04-11|Valve drive|
    PCT/SE2017/050354| WO2017188877A1|2016-04-28|2017-04-11|A valve drive|
    US16/096,250| US10774699B2|2016-04-28|2017-04-11|Valve drive|
    EP17790010.7A| EP3449105B1|2016-04-28|2017-04-11|A valve drive|
    CN201780032996.6A| CN109312646B|2016-04-28|2017-04-11|Valve driving piece|
    BR112018071981-1A| BR112018071981A2|2016-04-28|2017-04-11|a valve drive|
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